浅谈贵溪冶炼厂岩土工程勘察的几点体会

总结了贵溪冶炼厂岩土工程勘察工作中的一些经验，提出了在勘察中容易出现的若干问题及其处理方法。     

Metal sorption by biomass of melanin‐producing fungi grown in clay‐containing medium

The sorption of toxic metals by fungal mycelia grown in clay‐containing medium is reported in this work. Biomass of melanin‐producing microfungi of the genus Cladosporium (C cladosporioides, C resinae and C herbarum) and Aureobasidium pullulans, clay minerals and fungal mycelia grown in clay‐containing medium were compared for their equilibrium Cu and Cd uptake from pH‐buffered solutions using experimental sorption isotherms. Bentonite (Cherkassy) in the natural form was shown to be the best Cu sorbent compared with the other clays and clay minerals tested. Cu sorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir sorption model for all cases. Comparison of Cu and Cd uptake for biomass and bentonite showed a lower biomass uptake capacity but a considerably higher affinity of the biosorbent for the solute. The presence of kaolinite and palygorskite in the medium generally reduced both Cu and Cd sorption capacity and the metal‐binding ability of the fungal–clay mixtures. In contrast, addition of bentonite into the medium did not appreciably alter the Cd sorption ability but increased the sorption of Cu by A pullulans and C cladosporioides grown in this medium. A common feature for all fungi grown in the presence of bentonite was an increase in the Cu sorption capacity (Q_max) of the biomineral sorbents and a reduction in their affinity (Langmuir parameter b) compared with control biomass. A difference between predicted and experimental data obtained for biomass grown on bentonite medium was also observed. The connection between the sorption capacity of biomass grown in clay‐containing medium, mycelial morphology and the structure of fungal pellets is discussed and a mechanism for the changed sorption capacity of the combined biomineral sorbents is proposed which involves blocking or modification of binding sites on biotic and abiotic components of the ‘biomineral’ association. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

喷气燃料脱色精制中颗粒白土失活加快的原因分析(Ⅱ)--喷气燃料馏分中有色成分的剖析及不同性质馏分油对白土脱色的影响

先用硅胶对大连石化分公司3号喷气燃料馏分油中的有色组分进行吸附,然后分别用二氯甲烷和甲醇两种脱附剂对已吸附有色组分的硅胶进行脱附,得到两种含有色组分的两种溶液.应用红外光谱和色-质联用分析法对富集的有色组分进行了分析鉴定.分析了不同时期喷气燃料馏分油的性质及其对颗粒白土吸附脱色性能的影响.结果表明,大连石化分公司3号喷气燃料馏分油中的有色组分主要成分为C8～C14醇类、酮类、苯酚、甲酚和多烷基酚类及一些多聚体化合物.脱硫醇塔前进料馏分油的性质差异很小,而脱硫醇塔后馏分油的性质变化很大,颜色显著加深.脱硫醇塔操作末期温度高而引起喷气燃料馏分中不稳定组分的氧化转化导致颜色变深.颗粒白土脱色处理赛氏色值高的喷气燃料馏分油明显比处理赛氏色值低的喷气燃料馏分油的效果要好.脱硫醇塔操作不当造成油品恶化是导致颗粒白土吸附脱色失活很快的主要原因.控制脱硫醇塔乃至蒸馏系统操作条件(特别是温度),对延长颗粒白土的使用时间至关重要.     

Anhydrous esterification of myristic acid with propylene: Ion exchange resin and acid-treated clay as catalysts

Anhydrous esterification of myristic acid with propylene was carried out in the temperature range of 110–145°C and pressure from 190–195 psig in the presence of Amberlyst-15 (cation exchange resin) and Filtrol-24 (acid-treated clay) as catalysts. The product ester, isopropyl myristate finds use in cosmetic and topical medicinal preparations where good absorption through the skin is desired. Filtrol-24 is the catalyst of choice, and the recommended operating temperature is 130°C with a pressure of 190 psig.     

低电阻率气层测井评价方法

粘土矿物成份是造成气层电阻率低的主要原因。用灰色静态模型计算孔隙度，用BP神经网络计算束缚水饱和度等参数。与岩心分析结果比较，储层参数计算结果精度有所提高。用储层参数建立气层和水层的判别式，判别结果与试油有较好的一致性。综合数字处理结果建立了气层产能评价模型，处理结果与试油结果比较，符合率82％。     

Gas-phase selective oxidation of toluene on TiO2–sepiolite supported vanadium oxides: Influence of vanadium loading on conversion and product selectivities

Gas-phase selective oxidation of toluene has been carried out on vanadium oxide systems (5–20 wt.% of V₂O₅, equivalent to 0.4–1.7 theoretical monolayers) supported on TiO₂–sepiolite (with titania loading around the theoretical monolayer, 12 wt.%) and on sepiolite. A study has been made on both the influence of vanadia loading and of the support on the catalytic behaviour of the supported vanadium systems. The reducibility by H₂ TPR was also studied as well as the acid and basic/redox sites from the results of conversion of the 2-propanol test reaction of the solids. Benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and several coupling products were the main ones detected, attaining over 50% selectivity towards the benzaldehyde and benzoic acid products at a total conversion around 10%. The activity and selectivity to the selective products exhibited by vanadium systems supported on mixed support were superior to those exhibited by the systems supported on sepiolite and increased notably in both series with the increase in vanadium loading. The best catalytic behaviour exhibited by the vanadium systems supported on mixed support, which also exhibited the highest density of sites capable of being reduced (as well as their reducibility) and of those responsible for propanone formation, could be attributed not only to the different balance of the vanadia species existing in the two supports (monomeric + oligomeric/polymeric), but also to such other factors as the nature of the support and, concretely, its chemical composition.     

公伯峡水电站土石围堰防渗布置与施工

公伯峡水电站土石围堰布置5种防渗型式，分别是沥青防渗墙，现浇混凝土防渗，粘土心墙，土工膜防渗和高压旋（摆）喷混凝土防渗墙。通过对不同类型防渗墙的施工方法，施工程序和防渗效果的比较，可为其他类拟工程的防渗设计及其施工提供参考。     

Ionomer composites based on sepiolite/hydrogenated poly(styrene butadiene) block copolymer systems

Ionomeric composites based on sepiolite and hydrogenated poly(styrene butadiene) block copolymer were obtained and characterized from a microstructural and electrical point of view. Before blending, because of the high silanol group concentration in the sepiolite, the latter could be organophilized with suitable coupling agents. The resulting materials were easily processed into thin films or membranes 0.2–0.4 mm thick, their conductivity in some cases approaching 10^?1 S/cm. Their suitability for film formation and good electrical properties indicate potential applications as electrolytes in polymer fuel cells. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3512–3519, 2002     

南洋河水库粘土心墙风化料坝设计与施工控制

结合南洋河水库大坝为粘土心墙风化料坝坝址的自然地形条件，心墙土料不均匀、坝壳料渗透性差的特点，从坝体剖面结构设计、各坝料设计、质量控制标准及基础处理等方面作了分析介绍，以期对类似条件的工程有所借鉴。     

稀土在搪瓷面釉上应用的研究

采用稀土氧化物和无机化合物的复合物（不简称ＲＩ－复合物）作为搪瓷釉浆悬浮剂，使之全部或大部分代替粘土，进行了一系列试验，已获得成功，突破了长期来搪瓷工业离不开粘土的传统工艺，并实现了工业化生产。